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Structure of an Academic Paper

With few exceptions, all academic papers are written in a similar format: an opening paragraph, followed by supporting information, and a clear conclusion in the final paragraph. While it is not always required, three supporting paragraphs are considered standard.

• The introductory paragraph introduces both the topic and the thesis statement.
  • A well-written thesis statement clearly explains your goals to the reader, such as an assertion you intend to prove.
  • Subtopics that make up the body of the paper and serve to support the thesis are introduced as well.
  • The tone of the paper is also set by the language you use; The active voice is preferred, and first-person pronouns are generally avoided.
• Supporting paragraphs begin with a transition sentence that introduces a subtopic.
  • Each subtopic must be fully explained, and supporting data or ideas are clearly detailed.
  • Begin subsequent supporting paragraphs with transition sentences, and structure each paragraph similarly.
  • Be aware of the tendency to construct sentences in patterns that closely mimic other sentences; vary your use of syntax and vocabulary.
• The concluding paragraph restates your thesis and your primary supporting data in summary form.
  • This is the last opportunity you have to make your point, so powerful language may be appropriate. Leave your reader with a clear idea of your stance.